History And Culture
A Brief History
Amritsar, literally Pool of Nectar, derives its name from Amrit Sarovar, the holy tank that surrounds the fabulous Golden Temple. First time visitors to Amritsar could be forgiven for the impression that Amritsar is like any other city in the small northern India. However, Amritsar is well above any other city, state high and sanctified by the presence of the venerable Golden Temple.
Located in the heart of Amritsar, the temple complex is surrounded by a maze of narrow alleys, or Katras that one of the busiest markets in India home. But the Golden Temple is a calm presence, radiating a calm that makes people bow their heads awe. Gurudwara, as Sikh temples are called, is the holiest Sikh shrines, and. It is not just Sikhs who travel to the Golden Temple to pay homage to a sacred shrine is equally revered by Hindus and other faiths, who also make the pilgrimage to offer prayers at Harmandir Sahib.
There are over Amritsar which - among other curiosities Jallianwala Bagh, site of the horrible massacre of unarmed Indians by British troops. One of the major tourist attractions these days is India-Pakistan Wagah border crossing, a short distance from Amritsar, with its elaborate change of guards drill with plenty of swagger and intimidation displayed by both parties.
If you are 'doing' north India, Amritsar is a city, you should not miss is easily reached from Delhi by road and rail is easy to navigate through the city; .. Few guides bother you as tourism is not the business is most important here. Ask them in Amritsar, and they will tell you that if nothing else, you must travel this road-chhola bhaturas.
Origin
Amritsar city of origin is hidden in the mists of time because of limited evidence available at the beginning of its history. About the development of the city, is the view generally accepted on the basis of Amritsar District Gazetteers, the authoritative reference books on local history.
The different opinions that the land was granted by Emperor Akbar to Guru Amar Das (later transferred to Guru Ram Das), or were taken over by Guru Ram Das before the grant was actually obtained, or the land was purchased by Guru on a payment of Rs.700 zamindaar the village of Tung at the instigation of the Emperor Akbar, presented or persons in the village of Wind Sultan of respect and reverence for the guru is all the versions based on tradition people. There is no documentary evidence to support or contradict these views. But the version on the purchase of land by Guru Ram Das is consistent with the tradition of Sikh Gurus who never took any land grants from the government.
It seems that originally the site of Amritsar was a land between the village community Sultanwind, Tung, and Gilwali Gumtala, and later was acquired by the Sikh gurus, or payment has been received by them for free. Opinions vary on the issue of acquisition of the site, but the fact is that the choice of site was planned and not accidental. It was the choice of the gurus themselves, and the site returned to Amritsar without the name of city chak Guru land.Even principles, testifies to the nature of the transaction or commission and free returns. Probably, Chak Guru was granted exemption from income from property taxes by the government during the reign of Mughal Emperor Akbar, whose policy of religious tolerance and grants to non-Muslim religious centers is well known.
The original plan for the new project was chalked Amardis by Guru Ram Das and transported to his execution. Guru Ram Das was given guidelines on the location of the site and was asked to found a village to build a house for themselves, to dig a pit and progressively develop the center in a city. Arrangements were made for money and assistance. Some Sikhs intelligent, experienced and older people were asked to assist Ram Das to complete the project. The project was conducted by Guru Ram Das.
First, a frontier settlement was developed. The foundation was founded by Guru Ram Das, and the village was named Ram Das Pura. Opinions vary on the date of the founding of the city. Probably the foundation was laid in 1573 AD, but the popular perception is that it was done in 1577.
Construction of the new center was launched with great enthusiasm.Some huts and houses were built and then excavation of tank operation was started. when part of the project was completed, Bhai Jetha went to Goindwal to report the progress of Guru Amar Das work.The time directed Ram Das to dig another tank in the area of low level near where the tank construction.On for his back, Guru Ram Das selected instead of the second tank surrounded by a large number of jujube trees.
Construction began the second tank Nov.6, 1573 and Guru Ram Das Sikh devotees personally supervised it.Many came to participate in SEWA. At the same time the construction of the shell, with all due diligence to develop the village Chak.52 types of caste groups, Patti, Kasur and Kalanaur were urged to ensure a regular supply of essential commodities settlers. On the market called Guru Ka Bazaar, that there is now established. Wells were dug, some water supplies. A number of wealthy bankers and traders settled in the city.
The construction of the reservoir and the city was great. However, Guru Ram Das had to go back to Goindwal to the call of Guru Amar Das died while the work was resumed progress.The work on his return in 1577 and the construction of the reservoir and the city was completed the same year.
After the project, the Guru called the local business community and told them to take charge of the sanctuary, but humbly pleaded their inability to perform religious functions and requested the Guru to participate Brahmans and beggars for work.
The guru and his disciples were delighted with the completion of the new Ram Das pilgrimage centre.Guru composed beautiful verses in glorification of sarowar, make an order on his followers to take a bath in the holy tank and meditate God pool . The name gained a reputation of holiness and became the head quarters of Sikhs.The Amrit Sarowar remained immature Guru Arjan Dev ascended the Gur Gaddi in 1581.The tank was made Pacca and side stairs were bricked up. The tank was named. Amar sarowar or Amritsar. Gradually the fame of the sacred tank led to its identification with the name it and the town got its final name, Arjan Amritsar.Guru are also installed in the new town artisans and craftsmen of the different rings and inculcated in his disciples of great interest in horse-trading.
Period beginningIt was determined today that the entire district Amritsar was part of the large area covered by the Indus Valley civilization at the beginning of the period of history. This civilization developed prior to the Aryan civilization in this region. The proof of the occurrence of this ancient civilization in this district of Punjab has been provided by the discovery of some sites of the archaeologist. Important issues related to the Indus Valley civilization in Amritsar district are as follows: -
Vadalol,Chhin,Gharinda,Have
In addition to the above, including several locations lie in a line in the Doab Ravi, Beas.
Even in ancient times, trade was the most important factor in urban development. The Indus civilization flourished with the growth of trade by land and sea. It 'was demonstrated by finding the ancient sites of different seals.
Since the discovery of the Indus civilization, tried to decipher the Indus script. In this context, several theories have been raised about the use of seals, and the language have to be taught Sanskrit or Dravidian or an ancestors form of it depends on the initial approach of these scholars. However, it has now been established that the meaning of the writing of the Indus script is from right to left. Many effects on the Indus civilization will come to light as soon as the Indus script is deciphered. During the Vedic period, the region is now in Amritsar district is considered the home of many saints and sages. Legend has it that Sita was Ramtirth found shelter in the Ashram (Cottage) of Rishi (Saint) Balmiki during his exile. So much love and Kush received there education scholars Ramtirth Sage Balmiki.
Area of Amritsar region has also had the effect of greek about 326 BC, the area in the Punjab to the bank of river Beas was conquered by Alexander. Later it became part of the Mauryan Empire and Gupta.
After the overthrow of the Greeks, the area of Amritsar district became part of the mighty Mauryan empire which extended to Afghanistan. The more enlightened rule of Ashoka Maurya era, the Great, who, during the reign of his father Chandergupta Mauyara was the viceroy of the Principality of Taxila, which included the territory of the present district of Amritsar. Subsequently, since the early fourth century to the late sixth century, had the privilege of being under Gupta administration, which due to their effectiveness is known as the golden age of Hindu period. Chandergupta was the emperor of the Gupta dynasty famous. Later, came under Kushan rulers and Kanishka was the most important leader of this dynasty. With the rise of the Rajputs, he began to be ruled by Rajputs until it became part of United Punjab Shahi. It is believed that the brave people of Majha were an important part of the armies of Maurya, Gupta, Kushan and Shahi rulers.
The Middle Ages
During the last quarter of the 10 century, Raja Jaipal Shahi dynasty ruled the Punjab, including Amritsar in the current region. His son and successor, Anangpal defeated the Sultan of Ghazni Mahmmod 1008 AD From that time until the eventual overthrow of Supremacy Muhammdan, Amritsar area was connected to the province or Suba Lahore. Muhammdan important dynasties were a slave dynasty and the Lodhi dynasty, the Mughal dynasty. In the Middle Ages, the people of Amritsar district has suffered greatly from the teachings of Sikh Gurus who were contemporaries, the Mughal rulers. Before the people of the district of Amritsar had a benign influence of Sikh gurus, did not have big cities in this region. However, Fatehabad (in Tarn Taran Tahsil) was an important city, lying in Old Delhi and Lahore road. It 'was the Imperial Serai for the armies to stop and carvanas. Since most of the Mughal rulers were fanatics, Sikh gurus and their disciples were destined to collide with them. Effect of the Sikh Gurus and the residents of Amritsar district of the controversy Mughals are briefly listed below:
Amritsar and the Sikh gurus
The people of Amritsar district fell under the influence of the teachings of Guru Nanak in the early 16th century, Bhai Lehna (later known as Guru Angad Dev), a resident Khadur a devoted follower of Sahib Guru preached on people Nanak.He lines of people Nanak.He Guru preached as his Guru.He Takhat Mal converted, the main man in the village, and many others to his faith. A community kitchen (Langer) was also launched and men closely and started pouring to receive spiritual guidance from him. Even Guru Nanak visited him twice and Khadur Sahib on his second visit, seeing his unwavering dedication to God and man brought him back to Kartarpur and appointed as his successor July 14, 1539 and called him Angad.
Guru Angad Dev Sahib Khadur settled, his hometown, and made his headquarters. He began to preach and spread the gospels of Guru Nanak with great affection.
He allowed one of his disciples-Gobind to build a town on the banks of river Beas, but refused to call the new settlement after his name and called Gobindwal (now Goindwal) to commemorate the memory of the pupil. It was the March 29, 1552 Amar Das Ji, the most devoted disciple of Guru Angad Dev, Baba Buddha was appointed as the third Guru of the Sikhs in the presence of Guru benign. It can be said here that Humayun also visited Khadur Sahib and received the blessings of Guru Angad Dev
Guru Amar Das led the Sikh Goindwal 1552-1574.In the year 1567, when Akbar visited Lahore, he appealed to the Goindwal.On said Guru Guru is one, high or low you had to eat the food Langar (community kitchen), Akbar, a man of broad sympathies and high culture, welcomed the idea, and eating the food distributed there, sitting in a row with the subjects of humble origin.
Guru Amar Das established 22manjis (founder) in many parts of the country to popularize Guru Nanak's people came to the Guru message.Many precepts.The to listen to his guru had also constructed a Baoli at Goindwal fixed and the first of Baisakh as day of the annual collection of Sikhs.He introduces several new opportunities ceremonies of birth and death, replacing the sound of Shiolokas by the recitation of Sanskrit Gurbani.He preached against the system of purdah, the seclusion of women, has encouraged alliances inter-caste marriage and remarriage widows.The Guru condemned the practice of sati (burning widows on the funeral pyre of her husband's corpse).
In 1573, that Guru Amar Das Ram Das ji delegate begins to dig up later known as Santokhsar and the creation of a new town, later known as Amritsar.Arrangements and control of funds for the purpose of which was entrusted Baba Buddha.A number of intelligent, Sikhs experienced, dedicated and seniors were invited to participate in Ram Das in the task. The inauguration of the work was done in the traditional Indian style.Paid workers were hired. Sikh devotees visit were urged to lend a helping hand. Before the digging of the tank regularly (later called "Santokhsar") began, the boundary line of the new colony selected, and he was named Chak Chak Guru or just. Later, he began to be called, alternately, as Guru ka Chak, Chak Guru Ram Das, Ram Das Pura or. The ovens were raised and a number of barracks were built. The guru also took residence in a cabin near the site (later called Guru Ke Mehal)
After the project was completed, Ram Das went to Goindwal to pay their respects to Guru Amar Das and report it. This time, Ram Das Guru Amar Das instructed to dig another tank at a lower level near the site of deposit that was already underway. On his return to Chak, Ram Das sought beri, the site referred to the second tank as indicated by Guru Amar Das. The site was chosen, the construction of the second tank (later called Amrit sarowar) began under the personal supervision of Ram Das assisted by Baba Buddha. According to Giani Gian Singh (Guru Khalsa Tawarikh, p. 344), tank excavation began on 7 Kartika 1630 BK (November 6, 1573). Many workers were hired. Many Sikh devotees came to the chak to participate in the excavation of the excavation continued for many tank.The months.Simultaneously with the construction of the tank, every care has been taken to develop the chak too.
A large number of merchants and entrepreneurs in neighboring areas due to settle in the new municipality. Over time, the market is called the Guru Ka Bazar, also sprang up there. Some of Wells dug in the supply of drinking water. Quantity sarafs rich (bankers) and Banjaras (traders) found their way into town. A considerable number of disciples of the Guru moved to the city.
In 1574, when Guru Amar Das saw his end approaching, he called Ram Das is Goindwal and made him his successor, September 1 1574.Guru Ram Das came to the throne of Guru Nanak's spiritual, aged about forty years 1574.During his brief period of seven years, has achieved significant progress to extend the operation of the Sikh religion. He sent many of his disciples called Masands in neighboring countries like Afghanistan, to spread the gospel and also to collect the offer of sports fans, who needed more than ever, not only to run the kitchen, but also a complete excavation of the holy tank called Amritsar and later to expand activities in the city had spent a lifetime Ramdaspur Guru Amar Das.
Amritsar - Punjab Cultural Center
The city of Amritsar a dazzling showcase of composite culture and tradition. It has a glorious past. A gift and a bright future. The main city of Majha has rightly been called mukuta-Mani (Jewel in the Crown) of Punjab. A rich collection of spiritual and national heritage, it was presented as the home of all virtues "(AR SIFTI Ghar). While he was praying, every devout Sikh longs to be blessed with a pilgrimage to Amritsar and a holy bath in the Golden Temple (Amritsar Darsan isNaN KE). A visit to Amritsar is supposed to wash away all sins.
A focal point of the Sikh faith, a central policy of the Punjab, a gateway to the Middle East, a quarter of children in the pool of defense, a sentinel alert on the border between India and Pakistan, Amritsar is the place where the first Sikh army was raised by Guru session, Guru Hargobind. The city has witnessed the fiercest attacks of the invading armies of Ahmad Shah Abdali and a reckless carnage at Jallianwala Bagh. The epicenter of Kooka and Akali movements and a symbol of resistance against British tyranny, Amritsar had been a favorite of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. He was in Amritsar that the clarion call for the liberation of India seemed stronger and clearer. In recent years, has regularly supported the weight of conflict between India and Pakistan.
Amritsar is like a diamond with many facets. The essential spirit of the city are with the exception of gurudwaras & temples, mosques and churches, takias & khankahs but also for its theaters and galleries, parks and gardens, archives and libraries, art and architecture, museums and monuments, havelis and forts, fairs and festivals, a vibrant folk dancing and glittering taans, narrow streets and alleys, theaters and shops, clubs and pubs, traditional bustling markets and lip smacking food.
The most dominant asset, but its people are friendly, pious, hospital workers, informal, robust and with a huge zest for life. They are happy with good food, good clothing and all the outward symbols of life.
Amritsar is the heartbeat of the region of Majha, which has provided Punjabi literature with its standard language. A springboard for many famous artists, writers and poets, the city was a home for the craft industry and carpets over a century. The city is proud to have the second largest dairy in the country.
Amritsar is not only a Bhangra or giddha, Sarson Ka Makki ki roti and Saw, it's an attitude and lifestyle, even if the winds blow from the modern, the city continues to be strengthened and exude their own cultural identity Central. They are the only ground for the opening of the Pakistani city has become a meeting place on the Track II diplomacy.
Other attractions in Amritsar
Jagdev Kalan is associated with the name of Muslim poet Hasham Shah, the famous author of Sassi-Punnu. In an era of Indo-Pak bonhomie, this village a mecca for the meeting because of common interests, secular thought and composites
heritage.
Kotli Sultan Singh, about 32 km from Amritsar, came from a place of Mohammad Rafi, the legendary world of celluloid singer.
Serai Amanat Khan structure is very charming and elegant hotel located in a small village in the south-west of Amritsar. Serai is a lovely port built in Mughal architecture. Tomb of Amanat Khan is surrounded by four minarets. The mosque near the tomb is decorated with Persian verses.
Fairs And Festivals
Prominent at the fair is celebrated in the diagram below
Ram Tirath FairRam Tirath is located about 11 km west of Amritsar city of Amritsar Lopoke on the road. It is an ancient pilgrimage center connected with the Ramayana. It is said that Sita spent time in exile in this place for a cottage Balmik.It Rishi was here that the twins were born Sita, who was named Lav and Kush. Great epic Ramayana is also said to have been composed by Rishi Balmik here. It is also believed that the battle between the forces of Lord Ram Chandra and Lav and Kush had also taken place in Ram Tirath.
A large fair is held for about two weeks after Diwali, which will last five days.Great the weight of the tank, which is believed to have been dug by Hanuman. Circumference of the tank is about 3 km and there are temples of its sides. Most of the pilgrims on the promise of a dip in the holy bath in the morning Puranmashi (full moon) night. Thirty feet wide circumambulation path (A couple of Karma) goes around the tank. Holy dip, the pilgrims take a tank around singing mantars and exchange of greetings, "Ram Ram.
Floating in the tulle is a special feature of the fair. Puranmashi is the night, women light lamps made of flour mixed with butter and fed pure mustard oil, place on plates or sheet holders in the form of a reed boat Sarkander, and floating capital tank, reciting devotional songs and hymns, the ceremony called Tulla toarna (floating tul) is supposed to wash away their sins and please Rama.
The general perception among the pilgrims is that their visit to the holy place, would be incomplete if they fail to give something to charity to beggars, lepers and cripples persons.They to give alms to such persons under the form of cash, clothes and edible.
Entertainment includes visits happy feats of acrobats, magic shows, wildlife exhibit, minstrels sing. During the exhibition, lectures are also organized by the various religious and social.
About one lakh pilgrims visit this place during the fair. Many jatadhari (long hair) sadhus also attend the show and sitting in meditation. A considerable number of Sikhs, especially in rural areas are also involved in paying tribute to various shrines. Balmikis, across the state come to participate in the fair with great enthusiasm and a special interest in the Balmiki temple celebrations. Also be taken in a procession on the day of the closing of the fair. Women are more likely than men due to the belief that children of women if they generate no way to take a bath in the Baoli known as "Mata Sita gave Baoli 'the full moon.
Punjab highways special buses ply between Amritsar and Ram Tirath during the days of the fair. A large number of stalls set up by the confectioners, dealers in general merchandise, small traders and the market.
Independence Day at the Golden Temple, Amritsar. Diwali is celebrated in Golden Temple, with great enthusiasm by all three days.The celebrations start a day before Independence Day in general and come to an end three days after Diwali. This fair is usually during the second half of October or early November.
Legend says that Guru Nanak visited the temple site in 1532 AD.Later, Guru Ram Das Guru bought the fourth scholarship Akbar.the the Mughal Empire, and founded the country is known as Guru-ka-Chak. Gradually the village grew and became known as Guru-Ki Nagri (city of the Guru). swimming pool, where Guru Nanak used to fetch water in the tank has been changed during the stay of Guru Ram Das between 1581 to 1606. He called the "Nectar'from tank when the city took its name.
Guru Arjan Dev also built a Temple (Hari Mandir) in the middle of the tank. Its foundation stone was laid by Mian Mir a famous Muslim divine, if I Magh Sambat 1645 (January 1589). The construction of the temple was completed in 1601 and Granth Sahib was installed in it the first Bhadon Sambat 1661 (August 1604). Baba Budha was appointed the first granthi (reader) of the sacred writings. This temple was later known as the Golden Temple.
Guru Hargobind reached Amritsar on the eve of Diwali after his release from Gwalior Fort, during the reign of enlightened Jahangir.The Golden Temple and the city great to celebrate the return of their guru in town. Then, Diwali is celebrated with pomp in Amritsar and the big show, and also with great religious zeal.
During the fair congregations, religious are held at the Manji Sahib, Akal Takhat and Baba Atal which continue for three days. Many poets and singers are also involved. Recitation of Granth Sahib is the Darbar Sahib, Akal Takhat and gold gurudwaras tample several places.
Early morning, pilgrims take a holy dip in the reservoir of fear, while reciting Japji Sahib and then leave the Golden Temple to pay their respects. Offerings are made of all kinds, both cash and in kind, such as flowers, candy and drip dry rice grains, but the offerings are Karah Parshad. be prepared and sold to pilgrims by the administration. Ring around the tank is considered sacred by pilgrims.
Illuminations and fireworks are the unique features of the celebration of Independence Day. A gigantic manifestation parikarma and the testimony of its adjacent buildings delight of multicolored lights thrown into the sky and its reflections in the water tank. A string of electric lights strung along the floor and the Deorhi darshan. Small clay lamps on and working with sarson oil are arranged in rows around the tank. All buildings within the walls are decorated with colored lights. Candles and small earthen lamps fed with pure ghee are floating in the tank.
This salon is frequented by many people who come from near and far. Many visitors to the refuge of the verandas of the various buildings on the premises. All local inns, rest houses and other common places are packed to bursting. The mess free, called Guru Ram Dass Langar, remains open to all. The function of the set is organized by Shiromani Gurudwara Parbhandhak Committee. During the fair, making qualified doctors free medical services to pilgrims.
Amritsar is a sale on the day of Diwali woolen cloth backing and cattle, sweets and copper utensils, and candles and cookies. A large cattle fair is also held outside the city, which lasts 12 days. Municipal Corporation, Amritsar won a large sum each year, the cost is for sale of animals.
Basant Panchami in Chheharta Sahib
Basant Panchami is celebrated enthusiastically at Gurudwara Sahib Chheharta is the fifth day of the bright half of the month in the Maghreb (in late January or early February). People start pouring days prior to the Basant Panchami and participate in the celebration, which begins the evening, continue all night, and the last in the late afternoon the next day, when the congregation breaks. Kite flying is a characteristic feature of Basant. It 'very interesting to see when the two players to mess with their kites at the fair in order to cut the wires. With a cleaver loosening and jerky pull the thread, one of the kites is disconnected and the tumult of joy and insults from the winning party. The player whose wing is lost, trying to recover as many threads as he can, without loss of time. Among the sight-seers, some individuals who carry poles are attached to kites and string.It 'very exciting and fun to watch the battles of kites at the top.
This also shows the commercial aspect. Many companies, large and small are installed at the site of the fair. He is visited by a large number of people, Hindus and Sikhs. During the holidays, special buses layers of Amritsar and other important stations Chheharta to convince the visit of the pubis.
The fair is organized by the local Gurudwara management with the company of several social service organizations. Free community kitchen (Langar) is organized by the leadership at that time. Provisions are also in need of medical services and first class.
Fairs and festivals celebrated here are a wonderful prism of social patriotism, moral, religious, y. From the day of the fight for freedom, was a tradition among the Hindus and Muslims in Amritsar to drink from the same ship on the eve of Ram Navami. Amritsar Gurpurbs celebrate all together. Diwali, Baisakhi, Holi, chauth Karvea, Teej, Ram Tirath Mela, Basant Panchmi to Chheharta, Langoor Durgiana Maghi Mela and are celebrated with great enthusiasm and fervor.
Commercial
Shopping in Amritsar is a memorable experience. Squares of the track, bazaars, squares, plazas-hum of activity. The main shopping areas in Hall Bazar, Katra Jaimal Singh and Lawrence Road. The city offers traditional souvenirs and modern brandwear everywhere. The main attraction is, however, woolen clothes, carpets and blankets are also juttis and embroidered stuff. Bazaar of Amritsar offers an interesting assortment of traditional and modern carpets, durries, kites, fireworks, bangles, shawls to cut glass and wool fabrics. At Guru bazaar, near the Golden Temple, each lane sells a different commodity.
Tourist Attractions The Golden Temple (Harmander Sahib)
The Golden Temple is located in the holy city of Sikhs, Amritsar. The Golden Temple is famous for its full golden dome, is one of the holiest shrines of the Sikhs. The Mandir is based on a 67 square feet of marble and is a two-tier structure. Maharaja Ranjit Singh had the upper half of the building built with approximately 400 kg of gold leaf. The Golden Temple is surrounded by a host of other famous temples like the Temple Durgiana. The guru of good quarter of the Sikhs, Guru Ram Das, who had initially constructed a pool here, founded Amritsar, home to the Harmandir Sahib or Golden Temple. It is here that Sage Valmiki wrote the epic, the Ramayana. Rama and Sita is believed to have spent his fourteen year exile in Amritsar, the epicenter of Sikhism. South of the temple is a garden, and the tower of Baba Atal. The Central Sikh Museum atop the Clock Tower. The 'Guru Ka Langar' offers free food to some 20,000 people every day.
The number shoots up to 100,000 for special occasions. A visitor must cover his / her head before entering the temple premises. The Granth Sahib is kept in the temple during the day and kept in the Akal Takht or Eternal Throne in the night. The Akal Takht also houses the weapons used by ancient warriors Sikhs. Guru was established. The Jubi old sturdy tree at the northwest corner of the enclosure that is supposed to possess special powers. It was planted 450 years ago, the Golden Temple chief priest, Baba Buddha. Guru-ka-Langar or the communal dining is at the eastern entrance of the temple complex, and offers free food for all visitors, regardless of their color, religion, caste or sex. Visitors to the Golden Temple must remove their shoes and cover their heads before entering the temple. The temple is less crowded early in the morning on weekends.
About Golden Temple
In the sacred precincts of the Golden Temple, the devotee can seek blessing at:
Akal Takht
Har Ki Pauri
Dukh Bhanjani Ber (Jujube Tree)
Thara Sahib
Ber Baba Budha Ji
Gurudwara Ber Ilachi
Ath Sath Tirath
Baba Deep Singh Bunga
Durgiana Temple (Lakshmi Narain Temple)
Built in the third decade of the twentieth century echoes, not the traditional Hindu temple architecture, but the Golden Temple, and in a similar manner rises from the middle of a tank and has canopies and the central dome in the style of Sikh temple. One of the greatest reformers and political leaders of resurgent India, Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya, laid the first stone. This is a well known repository of Hindu scriptures
Wagah BorderThe international border between India and Pakistan. The pomp and splendor of the Retreat and beat the changing of the guard away from shaking hands of Indian and Pakistani forces made a show of the most charming.
Wagah, an army post on the border between India and Pakistan - between Amritsar and Lahore, is a complex, elaborate buildings, roads and barriers on both sides. The highlight of the night every day is "Beating the Retreat" ceremony. The soldiers of both countries in March perfect drill, going through the stages of labor in their respective national flags. As the sun goes down, nationalistic fervor rises and lights are switched on marking the end of the day amidst thunderous applause.
Jallian Wala Bagh
The monument commemorates the Indians on this site 2000 were killed or wounded, shot indiscriminately by the British under the command of Gen. Michael O "Dyer April 13, 1919 while attending a peaceful public meeting. It was a major incident in the history of India's freedom struggle.The this appaling slaughter was said in the Hall of Martyrs on the site. A section of wall with bullet marks still visible is preserved along with the memory and that some people jumped to escape . "impossible men of India stands up and free their country," said Mahatma Gandhi, after the slaughter Jallian Wala ". This disproportionate severity of punishment inflicted on the unfortunate and the method of construction is unparalleled in the history of civilized government. "Rabindra Nath Tagore wrote the noble laureate while returning knighthood.
Ram Bagh
Ram Bagh a beautiful garden, a listener accustomed to the thousands of horses neighing, announcing the arrival of the statesman of the century Singh, Maharaja Ranjit (1780-1839) the Lion of Punjab, has in his heart the Summer Palace great ruler. The maintenance free cooling system built, designed in the Palace exhibits the architectural excellence and invokes a live interest.The king of his time brought local chieftains under his control and virtually finished any eventuality of possible attacks in the kingdom up. To commemorate the memory of his velvet Ram Bagh on one end has a lively statue of Maharaja Ranjit Singh saddled a horse in a seductive pose.
Garden a tribute to the self-appointed head of the Guru Ram Das, the founder of the city. Now the summer palace of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, is converted into a museum, which speaks to his screen times.On are the weapons from Mughal times, portraits of the decision of the Punjab and houses a copy of 'Kohinoor' diamond. In those days, garden approached by a huge fortified gate which still exists in its original form, and the road is the edge of the garden.
Ram Tirath
Located 11 km west of Amritsar on the way Chogawan, dates back to the Ramayana, Rishi Valmiki's hermitage. The place has an ancient tank and many temples. A hut marks the site where Mata Sita gave birth to Luv & Kush and also surviving are Rishi Valmiki cottage, well with stairs where Mata Sita was bathing. The Bedis Punjab (Guru Nanak Dev, the prophet founder of Sikhism was a Bedi) trace their descent from Kush and Sodhi (the Prophet tenth Sikh Guru Singh Sodhi was a Gibind) from Luv. A four-day fair, since breakfast time is held here from the full moon night in November. 16 km west of the road is Ram Tirath Choganwan, remember Maharishi Ji Balmik heritage.
Pul Kanjari:
There is another view of the built heritage by Maharaja Ranjit Singh around which are sewn many tales and legends. Located near the Daoka Dhanoa Kalan village and right on Wagha border, Pul Kanjar is about 35 km. Both Amritsar and Lahore. The Maharaja would often rest and leisure here in Baradari all passers with his royal troops and passengers. Despite a ruined fort and a Baoli, a swimming pool - this heritage sight has a temple, a Gurudwara and a mosque that reflect the secular concerns of Maharaja. The interior of the dome on the corner of the Baoli devotes a number of sites and scenes from Hindu scriptures and the Raj Darbar.These frescoes are laced with floral frames.
Guru Angad Dev Ji Samadhi of:Approximately 30 km southeast of Amritsar, and easily accessible from Goindwal Sahib is a Samadhi of Guru second. It was built by Maharaja Ranjit Singh in 1815 AD
Jama Masjid Khairuddin:
Built by Mohd. Khairuddin in 1876, this mosque, a place of architectural beauty is in the Hall Bazaar. It is the sacred place where an appeal against the British rule was given by Tootie-e-Hind, Shah Bukhari Attaullah.
Samadhi of Shravan:About 6 km from Ajnala near Jastarwal (formerly known as Dashrathwal) is one of the most ancient heritage in Amritsar. It belongs to the Ramayana period a legend has it that Shravan lies buried here, after a drop of the arrow of King Dashrath, the Lord of Ayodhya. Samadhi is located on the banks of a stream old (Purani Dhabi). Shravan had taken his blind parents on a pilgrimage to the large rocking on the shoulder in a unit of wood.
Khoo Kalyanwala:The city has played a leading role in liberating India from British rule. Freedom fighters like Madan Lal Dhingra, Ras Bihari Bose, S. Kartar Singh Sarabha, Mr. Satya Pal and Dr. Saif-ud-Kitchlu din is a name value of Amritsar.
When Mangal Pande blew bugle of rebellion against the British in 1857, became its echoes and shock waves felt in Amritsar also. A detachment of 400 soldiers stationed at Lahore rebelled against the British government, fleeing their barracks. The soldiers have deserted bravely swam across the flooded Ravi and reached Ajnala.The information was received by Mr.Fredric Cooper, then assistant commissioner for Amritsar.On his order, all of them were put in a cage-like room where almost 200 soldiers died of asphyxiation. The rest of them were brutally killed in the morning, and their bodies thrown into the well, known as Kalianwala Khoo in Tehsil Ajnala.
The historic Banyan Tree (Shaheed Bohr):This circle of trees covered with masses of historical and lushgreen stands majestically in the Namdhari Shaheed Samark against the majestic backdrop of the northern border of Ram Bagh.Four Kooks were hanged from this tree by the British government in 1871, The Kooks. The men were hanged from this tree by the British government in 1871, The Kooks were hanged for reacting violently against the hawking of beef around the Golden Temple.
A Brief History
Amritsar, literally Pool of Nectar, derives its name from Amrit Sarovar, the holy tank that surrounds the fabulous Golden Temple. First time visitors to Amritsar could be forgiven for the impression that Amritsar is like any other city in the small northern India. However, Amritsar is well above any other city, state high and sanctified by the presence of the venerable Golden Temple.
Located in the heart of Amritsar, the temple complex is surrounded by a maze of narrow alleys, or Katras that one of the busiest markets in India home. But the Golden Temple is a calm presence, radiating a calm that makes people bow their heads awe. Gurudwara, as Sikh temples are called, is the holiest Sikh shrines, and. It is not just Sikhs who travel to the Golden Temple to pay homage to a sacred shrine is equally revered by Hindus and other faiths, who also make the pilgrimage to offer prayers at Harmandir Sahib.
There are over Amritsar which - among other curiosities Jallianwala Bagh, site of the horrible massacre of unarmed Indians by British troops. One of the major tourist attractions these days is India-Pakistan Wagah border crossing, a short distance from Amritsar, with its elaborate change of guards drill with plenty of swagger and intimidation displayed by both parties.
If you are 'doing' north India, Amritsar is a city, you should not miss is easily reached from Delhi by road and rail is easy to navigate through the city; .. Few guides bother you as tourism is not the business is most important here. Ask them in Amritsar, and they will tell you that if nothing else, you must travel this road-chhola bhaturas.
Origin
Amritsar city of origin is hidden in the mists of time because of limited evidence available at the beginning of its history. About the development of the city, is the view generally accepted on the basis of Amritsar District Gazetteers, the authoritative reference books on local history.
The different opinions that the land was granted by Emperor Akbar to Guru Amar Das (later transferred to Guru Ram Das), or were taken over by Guru Ram Das before the grant was actually obtained, or the land was purchased by Guru on a payment of Rs.700 zamindaar the village of Tung at the instigation of the Emperor Akbar, presented or persons in the village of Wind Sultan of respect and reverence for the guru is all the versions based on tradition people. There is no documentary evidence to support or contradict these views. But the version on the purchase of land by Guru Ram Das is consistent with the tradition of Sikh Gurus who never took any land grants from the government.
It seems that originally the site of Amritsar was a land between the village community Sultanwind, Tung, and Gilwali Gumtala, and later was acquired by the Sikh gurus, or payment has been received by them for free. Opinions vary on the issue of acquisition of the site, but the fact is that the choice of site was planned and not accidental. It was the choice of the gurus themselves, and the site returned to Amritsar without the name of city chak Guru land.Even principles, testifies to the nature of the transaction or commission and free returns. Probably, Chak Guru was granted exemption from income from property taxes by the government during the reign of Mughal Emperor Akbar, whose policy of religious tolerance and grants to non-Muslim religious centers is well known.
The original plan for the new project was chalked Amardis by Guru Ram Das and transported to his execution. Guru Ram Das was given guidelines on the location of the site and was asked to found a village to build a house for themselves, to dig a pit and progressively develop the center in a city. Arrangements were made for money and assistance. Some Sikhs intelligent, experienced and older people were asked to assist Ram Das to complete the project. The project was conducted by Guru Ram Das.
First, a frontier settlement was developed. The foundation was founded by Guru Ram Das, and the village was named Ram Das Pura. Opinions vary on the date of the founding of the city. Probably the foundation was laid in 1573 AD, but the popular perception is that it was done in 1577.
Construction of the new center was launched with great enthusiasm.Some huts and houses were built and then excavation of tank operation was started. when part of the project was completed, Bhai Jetha went to Goindwal to report the progress of Guru Amar Das work.The time directed Ram Das to dig another tank in the area of low level near where the tank construction.On for his back, Guru Ram Das selected instead of the second tank surrounded by a large number of jujube trees.Construction began the second tank Nov.6, 1573 and Guru Ram Das Sikh devotees personally supervised it.Many came to participate in SEWA. At the same time the construction of the shell, with all due diligence to develop the village Chak.52 types of caste groups, Patti, Kasur and Kalanaur were urged to ensure a regular supply of essential commodities settlers. On the market called Guru Ka Bazaar, that there is now established. Wells were dug, some water supplies. A number of wealthy bankers and traders settled in the city.
The construction of the reservoir and the city was great. However, Guru Ram Das had to go back to Goindwal to the call of Guru Amar Das died while the work was resumed progress.The work on his return in 1577 and the construction of the reservoir and the city was completed the same year.
After the project, the Guru called the local business community and told them to take charge of the sanctuary, but humbly pleaded their inability to perform religious functions and requested the Guru to participate Brahmans and beggars for work.
The guru and his disciples were delighted with the completion of the new Ram Das pilgrimage centre.Guru composed beautiful verses in glorification of sarowar, make an order on his followers to take a bath in the holy tank and meditate God pool . The name gained a reputation of holiness and became the head quarters of Sikhs.The Amrit Sarowar remained immature Guru Arjan Dev ascended the Gur Gaddi in 1581.The tank was made Pacca and side stairs were bricked up. The tank was named. Amar sarowar or Amritsar. Gradually the fame of the sacred tank led to its identification with the name it and the town got its final name, Arjan Amritsar.Guru are also installed in the new town artisans and craftsmen of the different rings and inculcated in his disciples of great interest in horse-trading.
Period beginningIt was determined today that the entire district Amritsar was part of the large area covered by the Indus Valley civilization at the beginning of the period of history. This civilization developed prior to the Aryan civilization in this region. The proof of the occurrence of this ancient civilization in this district of Punjab has been provided by the discovery of some sites of the archaeologist. Important issues related to the Indus Valley civilization in Amritsar district are as follows: -
Vadalol,Chhin,Gharinda,Have
In addition to the above, including several locations lie in a line in the Doab Ravi, Beas.
Even in ancient times, trade was the most important factor in urban development. The Indus civilization flourished with the growth of trade by land and sea. It 'was demonstrated by finding the ancient sites of different seals.
Since the discovery of the Indus civilization, tried to decipher the Indus script. In this context, several theories have been raised about the use of seals, and the language have to be taught Sanskrit or Dravidian or an ancestors form of it depends on the initial approach of these scholars. However, it has now been established that the meaning of the writing of the Indus script is from right to left. Many effects on the Indus civilization will come to light as soon as the Indus script is deciphered. During the Vedic period, the region is now in Amritsar district is considered the home of many saints and sages. Legend has it that Sita was Ramtirth found shelter in the Ashram (Cottage) of Rishi (Saint) Balmiki during his exile. So much love and Kush received there education scholars Ramtirth Sage Balmiki.
Area of Amritsar region has also had the effect of greek about 326 BC, the area in the Punjab to the bank of river Beas was conquered by Alexander. Later it became part of the Mauryan Empire and Gupta.
After the overthrow of the Greeks, the area of Amritsar district became part of the mighty Mauryan empire which extended to Afghanistan. The more enlightened rule of Ashoka Maurya era, the Great, who, during the reign of his father Chandergupta Mauyara was the viceroy of the Principality of Taxila, which included the territory of the present district of Amritsar. Subsequently, since the early fourth century to the late sixth century, had the privilege of being under Gupta administration, which due to their effectiveness is known as the golden age of Hindu period. Chandergupta was the emperor of the Gupta dynasty famous. Later, came under Kushan rulers and Kanishka was the most important leader of this dynasty. With the rise of the Rajputs, he began to be ruled by Rajputs until it became part of United Punjab Shahi. It is believed that the brave people of Majha were an important part of the armies of Maurya, Gupta, Kushan and Shahi rulers.
The Middle Ages
During the last quarter of the 10 century, Raja Jaipal Shahi dynasty ruled the Punjab, including Amritsar in the current region. His son and successor, Anangpal defeated the Sultan of Ghazni Mahmmod 1008 AD From that time until the eventual overthrow of Supremacy Muhammdan, Amritsar area was connected to the province or Suba Lahore. Muhammdan important dynasties were a slave dynasty and the Lodhi dynasty, the Mughal dynasty. In the Middle Ages, the people of Amritsar district has suffered greatly from the teachings of Sikh Gurus who were contemporaries, the Mughal rulers. Before the people of the district of Amritsar had a benign influence of Sikh gurus, did not have big cities in this region. However, Fatehabad (in Tarn Taran Tahsil) was an important city, lying in Old Delhi and Lahore road. It 'was the Imperial Serai for the armies to stop and carvanas. Since most of the Mughal rulers were fanatics, Sikh gurus and their disciples were destined to collide with them. Effect of the Sikh Gurus and the residents of Amritsar district of the controversy Mughals are briefly listed below:
Amritsar and the Sikh gurus
The people of Amritsar district fell under the influence of the teachings of Guru Nanak in the early 16th century, Bhai Lehna (later known as Guru Angad Dev), a resident Khadur a devoted follower of Sahib Guru preached on people Nanak.He lines of people Nanak.He Guru preached as his Guru.He Takhat Mal converted, the main man in the village, and many others to his faith. A community kitchen (Langer) was also launched and men closely and started pouring to receive spiritual guidance from him. Even Guru Nanak visited him twice and Khadur Sahib on his second visit, seeing his unwavering dedication to God and man brought him back to Kartarpur and appointed as his successor July 14, 1539 and called him Angad.
Guru Angad Dev Sahib Khadur settled, his hometown, and made his headquarters. He began to preach and spread the gospels of Guru Nanak with great affection.
He allowed one of his disciples-Gobind to build a town on the banks of river Beas, but refused to call the new settlement after his name and called Gobindwal (now Goindwal) to commemorate the memory of the pupil. It was the March 29, 1552 Amar Das Ji, the most devoted disciple of Guru Angad Dev, Baba Buddha was appointed as the third Guru of the Sikhs in the presence of Guru benign. It can be said here that Humayun also visited Khadur Sahib and received the blessings of Guru Angad Dev
Guru Amar Das led the Sikh Goindwal 1552-1574.In the year 1567, when Akbar visited Lahore, he appealed to the Goindwal.On said Guru Guru is one, high or low you had to eat the food Langar (community kitchen), Akbar, a man of broad sympathies and high culture, welcomed the idea, and eating the food distributed there, sitting in a row with the subjects of humble origin.
Guru Amar Das established 22manjis (founder) in many parts of the country to popularize Guru Nanak's people came to the Guru message.Many precepts.The to listen to his guru had also constructed a Baoli at Goindwal fixed and the first of Baisakh as day of the annual collection of Sikhs.He introduces several new opportunities ceremonies of birth and death, replacing the sound of Shiolokas by the recitation of Sanskrit Gurbani.He preached against the system of purdah, the seclusion of women, has encouraged alliances inter-caste marriage and remarriage widows.The Guru condemned the practice of sati (burning widows on the funeral pyre of her husband's corpse).
In 1573, that Guru Amar Das Ram Das ji delegate begins to dig up later known as Santokhsar and the creation of a new town, later known as Amritsar.Arrangements and control of funds for the purpose of which was entrusted Baba Buddha.A number of intelligent, Sikhs experienced, dedicated and seniors were invited to participate in Ram Das in the task. The inauguration of the work was done in the traditional Indian style.Paid workers were hired. Sikh devotees visit were urged to lend a helping hand. Before the digging of the tank regularly (later called "Santokhsar") began, the boundary line of the new colony selected, and he was named Chak Chak Guru or just. Later, he began to be called, alternately, as Guru ka Chak, Chak Guru Ram Das, Ram Das Pura or. The ovens were raised and a number of barracks were built. The guru also took residence in a cabin near the site (later called Guru Ke Mehal)
After the project was completed, Ram Das went to Goindwal to pay their respects to Guru Amar Das and report it. This time, Ram Das Guru Amar Das instructed to dig another tank at a lower level near the site of deposit that was already underway. On his return to Chak, Ram Das sought beri, the site referred to the second tank as indicated by Guru Amar Das. The site was chosen, the construction of the second tank (later called Amrit sarowar) began under the personal supervision of Ram Das assisted by Baba Buddha. According to Giani Gian Singh (Guru Khalsa Tawarikh, p. 344), tank excavation began on 7 Kartika 1630 BK (November 6, 1573). Many workers were hired. Many Sikh devotees came to the chak to participate in the excavation of the excavation continued for many tank.The months.Simultaneously with the construction of the tank, every care has been taken to develop the chak too.
A large number of merchants and entrepreneurs in neighboring areas due to settle in the new municipality. Over time, the market is called the Guru Ka Bazar, also sprang up there. Some of Wells dug in the supply of drinking water. Quantity sarafs rich (bankers) and Banjaras (traders) found their way into town. A considerable number of disciples of the Guru moved to the city.
In 1574, when Guru Amar Das saw his end approaching, he called Ram Das is Goindwal and made him his successor, September 1 1574.Guru Ram Das came to the throne of Guru Nanak's spiritual, aged about forty years 1574.During his brief period of seven years, has achieved significant progress to extend the operation of the Sikh religion. He sent many of his disciples called Masands in neighboring countries like Afghanistan, to spread the gospel and also to collect the offer of sports fans, who needed more than ever, not only to run the kitchen, but also a complete excavation of the holy tank called Amritsar and later to expand activities in the city had spent a lifetime Ramdaspur Guru Amar Das.
Amritsar - Punjab Cultural Center
The city of Amritsar a dazzling showcase of composite culture and tradition. It has a glorious past. A gift and a bright future. The main city of Majha has rightly been called mukuta-Mani (Jewel in the Crown) of Punjab. A rich collection of spiritual and national heritage, it was presented as the home of all virtues "(AR SIFTI Ghar). While he was praying, every devout Sikh longs to be blessed with a pilgrimage to Amritsar and a holy bath in the Golden Temple (Amritsar Darsan isNaN KE). A visit to Amritsar is supposed to wash away all sins.
A focal point of the Sikh faith, a central policy of the Punjab, a gateway to the Middle East, a quarter of children in the pool of defense, a sentinel alert on the border between India and Pakistan, Amritsar is the place where the first Sikh army was raised by Guru session, Guru Hargobind. The city has witnessed the fiercest attacks of the invading armies of Ahmad Shah Abdali and a reckless carnage at Jallianwala Bagh. The epicenter of Kooka and Akali movements and a symbol of resistance against British tyranny, Amritsar had been a favorite of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. He was in Amritsar that the clarion call for the liberation of India seemed stronger and clearer. In recent years, has regularly supported the weight of conflict between India and Pakistan.
Amritsar is like a diamond with many facets. The essential spirit of the city are with the exception of gurudwaras & temples, mosques and churches, takias & khankahs but also for its theaters and galleries, parks and gardens, archives and libraries, art and architecture, museums and monuments, havelis and forts, fairs and festivals, a vibrant folk dancing and glittering taans, narrow streets and alleys, theaters and shops, clubs and pubs, traditional bustling markets and lip smacking food.
The most dominant asset, but its people are friendly, pious, hospital workers, informal, robust and with a huge zest for life. They are happy with good food, good clothing and all the outward symbols of life.
Amritsar is the heartbeat of the region of Majha, which has provided Punjabi literature with its standard language. A springboard for many famous artists, writers and poets, the city was a home for the craft industry and carpets over a century. The city is proud to have the second largest dairy in the country.
Amritsar is not only a Bhangra or giddha, Sarson Ka Makki ki roti and Saw, it's an attitude and lifestyle, even if the winds blow from the modern, the city continues to be strengthened and exude their own cultural identity Central. They are the only ground for the opening of the Pakistani city has become a meeting place on the Track II diplomacy.
Other attractions in Amritsar
Jagdev Kalan is associated with the name of Muslim poet Hasham Shah, the famous author of Sassi-Punnu. In an era of Indo-Pak bonhomie, this village a mecca for the meeting because of common interests, secular thought and composites
heritage.
Kotli Sultan Singh, about 32 km from Amritsar, came from a place of Mohammad Rafi, the legendary world of celluloid singer.
Serai Amanat Khan structure is very charming and elegant hotel located in a small village in the south-west of Amritsar. Serai is a lovely port built in Mughal architecture. Tomb of Amanat Khan is surrounded by four minarets. The mosque near the tomb is decorated with Persian verses.
Fairs And Festivals
Prominent at the fair is celebrated in the diagram below
Ram Tirath FairRam Tirath is located about 11 km west of Amritsar city of Amritsar Lopoke on the road. It is an ancient pilgrimage center connected with the Ramayana. It is said that Sita spent time in exile in this place for a cottage Balmik.It Rishi was here that the twins were born Sita, who was named Lav and Kush. Great epic Ramayana is also said to have been composed by Rishi Balmik here. It is also believed that the battle between the forces of Lord Ram Chandra and Lav and Kush had also taken place in Ram Tirath.
A large fair is held for about two weeks after Diwali, which will last five days.Great the weight of the tank, which is believed to have been dug by Hanuman. Circumference of the tank is about 3 km and there are temples of its sides. Most of the pilgrims on the promise of a dip in the holy bath in the morning Puranmashi (full moon) night. Thirty feet wide circumambulation path (A couple of Karma) goes around the tank. Holy dip, the pilgrims take a tank around singing mantars and exchange of greetings, "Ram Ram.
Floating in the tulle is a special feature of the fair. Puranmashi is the night, women light lamps made of flour mixed with butter and fed pure mustard oil, place on plates or sheet holders in the form of a reed boat Sarkander, and floating capital tank, reciting devotional songs and hymns, the ceremony called Tulla toarna (floating tul) is supposed to wash away their sins and please Rama.
The general perception among the pilgrims is that their visit to the holy place, would be incomplete if they fail to give something to charity to beggars, lepers and cripples persons.They to give alms to such persons under the form of cash, clothes and edible.
Entertainment includes visits happy feats of acrobats, magic shows, wildlife exhibit, minstrels sing. During the exhibition, lectures are also organized by the various religious and social.
About one lakh pilgrims visit this place during the fair. Many jatadhari (long hair) sadhus also attend the show and sitting in meditation. A considerable number of Sikhs, especially in rural areas are also involved in paying tribute to various shrines. Balmikis, across the state come to participate in the fair with great enthusiasm and a special interest in the Balmiki temple celebrations. Also be taken in a procession on the day of the closing of the fair. Women are more likely than men due to the belief that children of women if they generate no way to take a bath in the Baoli known as "Mata Sita gave Baoli 'the full moon.
Punjab highways special buses ply between Amritsar and Ram Tirath during the days of the fair. A large number of stalls set up by the confectioners, dealers in general merchandise, small traders and the market.
Independence Day at the Golden Temple, Amritsar. Diwali is celebrated in Golden Temple, with great enthusiasm by all three days.The celebrations start a day before Independence Day in general and come to an end three days after Diwali. This fair is usually during the second half of October or early November.
Legend says that Guru Nanak visited the temple site in 1532 AD.Later, Guru Ram Das Guru bought the fourth scholarship Akbar.the the Mughal Empire, and founded the country is known as Guru-ka-Chak. Gradually the village grew and became known as Guru-Ki Nagri (city of the Guru). swimming pool, where Guru Nanak used to fetch water in the tank has been changed during the stay of Guru Ram Das between 1581 to 1606. He called the "Nectar'from tank when the city took its name.
Guru Arjan Dev also built a Temple (Hari Mandir) in the middle of the tank. Its foundation stone was laid by Mian Mir a famous Muslim divine, if I Magh Sambat 1645 (January 1589). The construction of the temple was completed in 1601 and Granth Sahib was installed in it the first Bhadon Sambat 1661 (August 1604). Baba Budha was appointed the first granthi (reader) of the sacred writings. This temple was later known as the Golden Temple.
Guru Hargobind reached Amritsar on the eve of Diwali after his release from Gwalior Fort, during the reign of enlightened Jahangir.The Golden Temple and the city great to celebrate the return of their guru in town. Then, Diwali is celebrated with pomp in Amritsar and the big show, and also with great religious zeal.
During the fair congregations, religious are held at the Manji Sahib, Akal Takhat and Baba Atal which continue for three days. Many poets and singers are also involved. Recitation of Granth Sahib is the Darbar Sahib, Akal Takhat and gold gurudwaras tample several places.
Early morning, pilgrims take a holy dip in the reservoir of fear, while reciting Japji Sahib and then leave the Golden Temple to pay their respects. Offerings are made of all kinds, both cash and in kind, such as flowers, candy and drip dry rice grains, but the offerings are Karah Parshad. be prepared and sold to pilgrims by the administration. Ring around the tank is considered sacred by pilgrims.
Illuminations and fireworks are the unique features of the celebration of Independence Day. A gigantic manifestation parikarma and the testimony of its adjacent buildings delight of multicolored lights thrown into the sky and its reflections in the water tank. A string of electric lights strung along the floor and the Deorhi darshan. Small clay lamps on and working with sarson oil are arranged in rows around the tank. All buildings within the walls are decorated with colored lights. Candles and small earthen lamps fed with pure ghee are floating in the tank.
This salon is frequented by many people who come from near and far. Many visitors to the refuge of the verandas of the various buildings on the premises. All local inns, rest houses and other common places are packed to bursting. The mess free, called Guru Ram Dass Langar, remains open to all. The function of the set is organized by Shiromani Gurudwara Parbhandhak Committee. During the fair, making qualified doctors free medical services to pilgrims.
Amritsar is a sale on the day of Diwali woolen cloth backing and cattle, sweets and copper utensils, and candles and cookies. A large cattle fair is also held outside the city, which lasts 12 days. Municipal Corporation, Amritsar won a large sum each year, the cost is for sale of animals.
Basant Panchami in Chheharta Sahib
Basant Panchami is celebrated enthusiastically at Gurudwara Sahib Chheharta is the fifth day of the bright half of the month in the Maghreb (in late January or early February). People start pouring days prior to the Basant Panchami and participate in the celebration, which begins the evening, continue all night, and the last in the late afternoon the next day, when the congregation breaks. Kite flying is a characteristic feature of Basant. It 'very interesting to see when the two players to mess with their kites at the fair in order to cut the wires. With a cleaver loosening and jerky pull the thread, one of the kites is disconnected and the tumult of joy and insults from the winning party. The player whose wing is lost, trying to recover as many threads as he can, without loss of time. Among the sight-seers, some individuals who carry poles are attached to kites and string.It 'very exciting and fun to watch the battles of kites at the top.
This also shows the commercial aspect. Many companies, large and small are installed at the site of the fair. He is visited by a large number of people, Hindus and Sikhs. During the holidays, special buses layers of Amritsar and other important stations Chheharta to convince the visit of the pubis.
The fair is organized by the local Gurudwara management with the company of several social service organizations. Free community kitchen (Langar) is organized by the leadership at that time. Provisions are also in need of medical services and first class.
Fairs and festivals celebrated here are a wonderful prism of social patriotism, moral, religious, y. From the day of the fight for freedom, was a tradition among the Hindus and Muslims in Amritsar to drink from the same ship on the eve of Ram Navami. Amritsar Gurpurbs celebrate all together. Diwali, Baisakhi, Holi, chauth Karvea, Teej, Ram Tirath Mela, Basant Panchmi to Chheharta, Langoor Durgiana Maghi Mela and are celebrated with great enthusiasm and fervor.
Commercial
Shopping in Amritsar is a memorable experience. Squares of the track, bazaars, squares, plazas-hum of activity. The main shopping areas in Hall Bazar, Katra Jaimal Singh and Lawrence Road. The city offers traditional souvenirs and modern brandwear everywhere. The main attraction is, however, woolen clothes, carpets and blankets are also juttis and embroidered stuff. Bazaar of Amritsar offers an interesting assortment of traditional and modern carpets, durries, kites, fireworks, bangles, shawls to cut glass and wool fabrics. At Guru bazaar, near the Golden Temple, each lane sells a different commodity.
Tourist Attractions The Golden Temple (Harmander Sahib)
The Golden Temple is located in the holy city of Sikhs, Amritsar. The Golden Temple is famous for its full golden dome, is one of the holiest shrines of the Sikhs. The Mandir is based on a 67 square feet of marble and is a two-tier structure. Maharaja Ranjit Singh had the upper half of the building built with approximately 400 kg of gold leaf. The Golden Temple is surrounded by a host of other famous temples like the Temple Durgiana. The guru of good quarter of the Sikhs, Guru Ram Das, who had initially constructed a pool here, founded Amritsar, home to the Harmandir Sahib or Golden Temple. It is here that Sage Valmiki wrote the epic, the Ramayana. Rama and Sita is believed to have spent his fourteen year exile in Amritsar, the epicenter of Sikhism. South of the temple is a garden, and the tower of Baba Atal. The Central Sikh Museum atop the Clock Tower. The 'Guru Ka Langar' offers free food to some 20,000 people every day.
The number shoots up to 100,000 for special occasions. A visitor must cover his / her head before entering the temple premises. The Granth Sahib is kept in the temple during the day and kept in the Akal Takht or Eternal Throne in the night. The Akal Takht also houses the weapons used by ancient warriors Sikhs. Guru was established. The Jubi old sturdy tree at the northwest corner of the enclosure that is supposed to possess special powers. It was planted 450 years ago, the Golden Temple chief priest, Baba Buddha. Guru-ka-Langar or the communal dining is at the eastern entrance of the temple complex, and offers free food for all visitors, regardless of their color, religion, caste or sex. Visitors to the Golden Temple must remove their shoes and cover their heads before entering the temple. The temple is less crowded early in the morning on weekends.
About Golden Temple
In the sacred precincts of the Golden Temple, the devotee can seek blessing at:
Akal Takht
Har Ki Pauri
Dukh Bhanjani Ber (Jujube Tree)
Thara Sahib
Ber Baba Budha Ji
Gurudwara Ber Ilachi
Ath Sath Tirath
Baba Deep Singh Bunga
Durgiana Temple (Lakshmi Narain Temple)
Built in the third decade of the twentieth century echoes, not the traditional Hindu temple architecture, but the Golden Temple, and in a similar manner rises from the middle of a tank and has canopies and the central dome in the style of Sikh temple. One of the greatest reformers and political leaders of resurgent India, Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya, laid the first stone. This is a well known repository of Hindu scriptures
Wagah BorderThe international border between India and Pakistan. The pomp and splendor of the Retreat and beat the changing of the guard away from shaking hands of Indian and Pakistani forces made a show of the most charming.
Wagah, an army post on the border between India and Pakistan - between Amritsar and Lahore, is a complex, elaborate buildings, roads and barriers on both sides. The highlight of the night every day is "Beating the Retreat" ceremony. The soldiers of both countries in March perfect drill, going through the stages of labor in their respective national flags. As the sun goes down, nationalistic fervor rises and lights are switched on marking the end of the day amidst thunderous applause.
Jallian Wala Bagh
The monument commemorates the Indians on this site 2000 were killed or wounded, shot indiscriminately by the British under the command of Gen. Michael O "Dyer April 13, 1919 while attending a peaceful public meeting. It was a major incident in the history of India's freedom struggle.The this appaling slaughter was said in the Hall of Martyrs on the site. A section of wall with bullet marks still visible is preserved along with the memory and that some people jumped to escape . "impossible men of India stands up and free their country," said Mahatma Gandhi, after the slaughter Jallian Wala ". This disproportionate severity of punishment inflicted on the unfortunate and the method of construction is unparalleled in the history of civilized government. "Rabindra Nath Tagore wrote the noble laureate while returning knighthood.
Ram Bagh
Ram Bagh a beautiful garden, a listener accustomed to the thousands of horses neighing, announcing the arrival of the statesman of the century Singh, Maharaja Ranjit (1780-1839) the Lion of Punjab, has in his heart the Summer Palace great ruler. The maintenance free cooling system built, designed in the Palace exhibits the architectural excellence and invokes a live interest.The king of his time brought local chieftains under his control and virtually finished any eventuality of possible attacks in the kingdom up. To commemorate the memory of his velvet Ram Bagh on one end has a lively statue of Maharaja Ranjit Singh saddled a horse in a seductive pose.
Garden a tribute to the self-appointed head of the Guru Ram Das, the founder of the city. Now the summer palace of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, is converted into a museum, which speaks to his screen times.On are the weapons from Mughal times, portraits of the decision of the Punjab and houses a copy of 'Kohinoor' diamond. In those days, garden approached by a huge fortified gate which still exists in its original form, and the road is the edge of the garden.
Ram Tirath
Located 11 km west of Amritsar on the way Chogawan, dates back to the Ramayana, Rishi Valmiki's hermitage. The place has an ancient tank and many temples. A hut marks the site where Mata Sita gave birth to Luv & Kush and also surviving are Rishi Valmiki cottage, well with stairs where Mata Sita was bathing. The Bedis Punjab (Guru Nanak Dev, the prophet founder of Sikhism was a Bedi) trace their descent from Kush and Sodhi (the Prophet tenth Sikh Guru Singh Sodhi was a Gibind) from Luv. A four-day fair, since breakfast time is held here from the full moon night in November. 16 km west of the road is Ram Tirath Choganwan, remember Maharishi Ji Balmik heritage.
Pul Kanjari:
There is another view of the built heritage by Maharaja Ranjit Singh around which are sewn many tales and legends. Located near the Daoka Dhanoa Kalan village and right on Wagha border, Pul Kanjar is about 35 km. Both Amritsar and Lahore. The Maharaja would often rest and leisure here in Baradari all passers with his royal troops and passengers. Despite a ruined fort and a Baoli, a swimming pool - this heritage sight has a temple, a Gurudwara and a mosque that reflect the secular concerns of Maharaja. The interior of the dome on the corner of the Baoli devotes a number of sites and scenes from Hindu scriptures and the Raj Darbar.These frescoes are laced with floral frames.
Guru Angad Dev Ji Samadhi of:Approximately 30 km southeast of Amritsar, and easily accessible from Goindwal Sahib is a Samadhi of Guru second. It was built by Maharaja Ranjit Singh in 1815 AD
Jama Masjid Khairuddin:
Built by Mohd. Khairuddin in 1876, this mosque, a place of architectural beauty is in the Hall Bazaar. It is the sacred place where an appeal against the British rule was given by Tootie-e-Hind, Shah Bukhari Attaullah.
Samadhi of Shravan:About 6 km from Ajnala near Jastarwal (formerly known as Dashrathwal) is one of the most ancient heritage in Amritsar. It belongs to the Ramayana period a legend has it that Shravan lies buried here, after a drop of the arrow of King Dashrath, the Lord of Ayodhya. Samadhi is located on the banks of a stream old (Purani Dhabi). Shravan had taken his blind parents on a pilgrimage to the large rocking on the shoulder in a unit of wood.
Khoo Kalyanwala:The city has played a leading role in liberating India from British rule. Freedom fighters like Madan Lal Dhingra, Ras Bihari Bose, S. Kartar Singh Sarabha, Mr. Satya Pal and Dr. Saif-ud-Kitchlu din is a name value of Amritsar.
When Mangal Pande blew bugle of rebellion against the British in 1857, became its echoes and shock waves felt in Amritsar also. A detachment of 400 soldiers stationed at Lahore rebelled against the British government, fleeing their barracks. The soldiers have deserted bravely swam across the flooded Ravi and reached Ajnala.The information was received by Mr.Fredric Cooper, then assistant commissioner for Amritsar.On his order, all of them were put in a cage-like room where almost 200 soldiers died of asphyxiation. The rest of them were brutally killed in the morning, and their bodies thrown into the well, known as Kalianwala Khoo in Tehsil Ajnala.
The historic Banyan Tree (Shaheed Bohr):This circle of trees covered with masses of historical and lushgreen stands majestically in the Namdhari Shaheed Samark against the majestic backdrop of the northern border of Ram Bagh.Four Kooks were hanged from this tree by the British government in 1871, The Kooks. The men were hanged from this tree by the British government in 1871, The Kooks were hanged for reacting violently against the hawking of beef around the Golden Temple.
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